Translation in Arabic language and literature
Fatemeh Zarei; Ali Afzali; Shahriar Niazi
Abstract
One of the problems for translators is the adaptation to military ranks. The difficulty of a translator is doubled when the number of military ranks in the source and target languages is not the same; as a result, these terms remain unequal in one of the two languages, because there are differences in ...
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One of the problems for translators is the adaptation to military ranks. The difficulty of a translator is doubled when the number of military ranks in the source and target languages is not the same; as a result, these terms remain unequal in one of the two languages, because there are differences in the military structure of the armed forces of countries that ignoring them can create problems for translators. After describing Iran's military ranks and comparing it with Arab countries, the present study examines general and specialized dictionaries and investigates how to find their equivalence, using a descriptive-analytical and comparative method. The results indicate that most of the general dictionaries did not have sufficient knowledge of specialized fields and did not study the terms of this field carefully and specialized dictionaries could not be equivalent due to the fact that they were written by military people and had no information about the structure of Arab countries. The best way to choose an equivalent for the terms of military ranks is "equivalent selection after recognizing the pattern of military ranks of Iran and Arab countries.
Shahriar Niazi; Ensie Sadat Hashemi
Abstract
Evaluation of the Qur'an translation has not yet had a comprehensive model. To achieve such a model, we can first examine the efficacy of existing evaluation models. In this regard, the present article examines the effectiveness of the TT-oriented Garces model in evaluating the translation of the Qur'an, ...
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Evaluation of the Qur'an translation has not yet had a comprehensive model. To achieve such a model, we can first examine the efficacy of existing evaluation models. In this regard, the present article examines the effectiveness of the TT-oriented Garces model in evaluating the translation of the Qur'an, examining the “Syntactical-morphological” level. This level examines structural changes in translation. For this purpose, the translation of five Surahs of the Quran from the TT-oriented translation of Makarem Shirazi has been selected as the research data. Studying the efficiency of this level in evaluating the translation of the Qur'an also shows that the syntactic-lexical level of the Garces model is efficient in evaluating the translation of the Qur'an due to the structural differences between the Persian and Arabic languages and the necessity of syntactic changes in the translation of the Qur'an. However, the overall classification of techniques to the positives and negatives is should be reviewed according to their status and necessity. Among the techniques of this level, "Transposition", "Modulation" and "Explanation" have the most function in the Quran translation. According to the high usage of rhetorical devices in the Qur'an, the "Compensation" is an effective technique to evaluate the translator's skill in translating them to Persian. The "literal translation" and "Implication, reduction, omission" as negative techniques and "Changes in the type of sentences" as an ambivalent technique have had the least function in the Makarem translation as an example of a TT-oriented translation.
