Translation in Arabic language and literature
Zahra Salimi; Narges Ansari; Seyed Mohammad Mirhosseini
Abstract
Lawrence Venotti's theory is one of the prominent theories presented in the field of fluent translation. He evaluates the translator's presence in the text by raising the duality of localization and alienation. According to him, localization strategy is done with the aim of preventing the entry of another ...
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Lawrence Venotti's theory is one of the prominent theories presented in the field of fluent translation. He evaluates the translator's presence in the text by raising the duality of localization and alienation. According to him, localization strategy is done with the aim of preventing the entry of another culture, and alienation is done in order to familiarize the audience with the values and culture of other nations. Investigating and analyzing the cultural components in the Arabic translation of Muhammad Alauddin Mansour from the Persian novel Soraya in Aghma by Ismail Fasih based on the theory of the translator's presence, based on the strategies of defamiliarization and de-estrangement, is the goal of this research by applying the descriptive-analytical method. has taken into account. In this article, the authors have first extracted the cultural elements and then matched them with the Arabic translation of the current novel in order to determine the audience's tendency towards the two strategies proposed by Venoti. The obtained results show that the translator has preserved the cultural values of the source text and due to the dominance of the defamiliarization method over the defamiliarization method in this translation, a fluent and comprehensive text has not been presented because the terms and interpretations without receiving the existing cultural load word for word or it has been transferred with a close equivalent to the source text, which is ultimately caused by the translator not knowing the culture and the source text correctly.Keywords: Cultural Components, Translation, Soraya Dar Ighma, Lawrence Venotti, Alienation, Localization.IntroductionThe translation of cultural elements is one of the most difficult parts of translation because the translator, in addition to the meaning of the words, must convey the cultural concepts contained in the phrases to the reader; Specialists in translation studies have proposed various methods to convey cultural aspects. In the meantime, Lawrence Venotti discusses the two methods of indigenization and alienation in transferring the cultural burden of the source text, and considers thetranslator's approach to the text as alienation toward the source cultureand indigenization toward the destination culture. The present novel examines the situation in Iran after the Islamic revolution and the events caused by the imposed war between Iran and Iraq, and the author also recounts the behavior of intellectuals outside of Iran. After reading this novel, the author was eager to read the Arabic text of this novel, which generally portrays Iran's culture during the war. To review how successful the translator has been in transferring Iranian culture and beliefs to the target text. Therefore, according to this content, the upcoming article is based on the classification of the cultural elements of the translation of the cultural aspects of the novel "Soriya Dar Aghama" written by Ismail Fasih, which was translated into Arabic by Mohammad Alauddin Mansour, based on the dual defamiliarization and defamiliarization. Lawrence Venotti to study.Research Questions- How successful is the translator in transferring the cultural values and semantic aspects of the source text based on Lawrence Venotti's theory?- How is the presence of the translator in the translation of the present novel based on Venotti's theory?Literature ReviewSo far, many researches have been conducted in the field of examining the cultural components and values of texts. This research also aims to study the cultural components based on Lawrence Venotti's dual theory, so at the beginning, related researches in this field will be mentioned: Mir Mohammad Khadim Nabi (2016) in the article "Lawrence Venotti" (Translator's Quarterly, Year 24, No. 58) believes that many equate Venotti's dual theory with Newmark's theory of semantic translation and communicative translation or Eugene Naida's dual dynamic balance and formal balance. Therefore, the duality of defamiliarization and defamiliarization has also been proposed before Venotti.In an article entitled "grammatical-semantic anomalies from the point of view of Lawrence Venotti in relation to the two translations of Mahdi Sarhadhi and Musa Aswar of the novel Isa Ibn al-Ansans" (1400), Syedani Ali et al. investigated the defamiliarization and defamiliarization component of Venotti's theory in two translations of the novel Isa. Ibn al-Insan has analyzed and compared the two considered translations, the destination-oriented and the origin-oriented of each of the translators.The master's degree Arabic thesis by Khaira Mohoush entitled "Translation of the cultural dimension in the context of the strategy of immigration and foreignization, a comparative study" (2016) is another research in which the author examines the cultural identity of an English novel based on the translation of two translators, based on the dualistic theory of Venoti. Has investigated and determined the benefit of both translators from the method of defamiliarization and defamiliarization, the author believes that although translation seems to be a simple task at the beginning, but due to the cultural burden, it is a complex matter and requires careful examination. Research MethodologyThe research method in this research is like other humanities researches in the form of a library, in fact, the research method of this research is based on descriptive and analytical methods.ConclusionChoosing an equivalent close to the terms of the source text and preserving the vocabulary of the source text in the target text due to the lack of an equivalent in the target text are the factors that caused the translator to prefer preserving the cultural identity of the source text to providing an accurate and clear translation; In transferring the cultural burden of the source text, the translator has not benefited from the method of explanation, whether in the form of intertext or footnotes, and in translating proverbs and interpretations, he has taken into account the literal translation method, which is difficult for the audience to understand. In other words, the translator is absent in this text and it is the author's voice that is seen among the target text and portrays expressions and concepts of another culture that the audience is confused in understanding and receiving.That is, the translator has expressed the signs of the author's identity in the target text despite the contradiction with his own cultural identity, and has conveyed all the details that the author has expressed about the customs and traditions of the Iranian people to the audience, and in general, his translation is a mirror that reflects the Iranian culture. It reflects in the political, historical, and literary dimensions, and finally, the translator's attention to the values and concepts of the source text shows his attention to Venotti's theory of defamiliarization.
