Translation in Arabic language and literature
fatemeh savari; Naeim Amori
Abstract
Criticism and evaluation of translation is one of the most important fields of study,which measures and recognizes the quality level of translated texts.This evaluation requires linguistic researches of prominent theorists. One of the most important linguistic models introduced and known is the translation ...
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Criticism and evaluation of translation is one of the most important fields of study,which measures and recognizes the quality level of translated texts.This evaluation requires linguistic researches of prominent theorists. One of the most important linguistic models introduced and known is the translation model of Mrs. "Carmen Garces". The present research, with a descriptive-analytical method, aims to investigate and evaluate the novel "Fi Qalbi Anthi Ibriya" by Khawla Hamdi translated by Ms.Asmaa Khajazadeh, using the model proposed by Carmen Garces as a measure and model for evaluating the quality of translation. Ms. Carmen Garces proposes four levels for measuring and evaluating translations, which are: 1- semantic-lexical level; 2- syntactic-word-building (morphological) level; 3- Discursive-applicative level; 4- Stylistic-semantic level.The current study examines only two levels of semantic-lexical and syntactic-lexical construction.Then it deduces that: the most prominent components of semantic-lexical levels in this translation are cultural or functional equivalents, syntactic expansion, syntactic contraction, ambiguity, and in the same proportion general or vice versa, and at the syntactic-lexical level, the most prominent components are literal translation, adaptation, changing syntactically or grammatically, changing the point of view, explaining or expanding the meaning, reducing and eliminating which change the type of sentence in translation.The adequacy and acceptability of a translation is based on counting its positive and negative features.Therefore the higher the number of positive features of the translated text, the higher is its adequacy and acceptability.It can be said that Khawajazadeh's translation conforms to the model of Garces and it has good adequacy and acceptability.
Zohreh Gorji; Roghayeh Rostampour Maleki
Abstract
The role of language in a literary text is aesthetic and literary translation has a special sensitivity from this perspective. In a literary text, the translator must translate not only the content and message but also the literary devices to the extent permitted and in the format required by the text. ...
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The role of language in a literary text is aesthetic and literary translation has a special sensitivity from this perspective. In a literary text, the translator must translate not only the content and message but also the literary devices to the extent permitted and in the format required by the text. Among translation theories, the model of Carmen Valero Garcés critiques literary translation. This model consists of four levels (semantic-lexical, syntactical morphological, discourse-functional, and stylistic-practical). In this model, translations are also evaluated from the perspective of two criteria of adequacy and acceptability. This study considers the translation of selected works of the famous Lebanese author "Gibran Khalil Gibran" in the book "Hamam-e Rooh” by Seyed Hassan Hosseini based on the theory of criticism of Garcés translation and at all four levels of his proposed model. The achievement of this descriptive-analytical study indicates that the translator has performed better in the semantic-lexical and syntactical-morphological levels and has appeared in relatively weak stylistic and discourse levels, but in general, this translation has the necessary adequacy and acceptability. He also has used "expansion" more than any other solution.
Mohsen Seifi; Najmeh Fathalizadeh
Abstract
Translation of literary works of mystic scholars and wayfarer poets due to use of convolutions, the application of secrets, and specific terms has always been one of the main challenges facing translators. “Ghazaliyat-e-Shams”, a collection of mystical poems by Mawlana, have been translated ...
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Translation of literary works of mystic scholars and wayfarer poets due to use of convolutions, the application of secrets, and specific terms has always been one of the main challenges facing translators. “Ghazaliyat-e-Shams”, a collection of mystical poems by Mawlana, have been translated into Arabic several times. Among these, the translation of "Mohammed Saeed Jamal al-Din" is presented as a selection of sonnets of Shams. This study attempts with a descriptive-analytical method to examine some of the failures of this translation and the factors that affect it. The lack of command of translator in Farsi, inaccuracy in reading words and phrases, presence of homonym (a word that sounds the same or is spelled the same as another word but has a different meaning), misdiagnosis of the subject from the object, and inattention to punctuation in the original text are of influence on an incorrect translation of some verses of The Works of Shams. Obviously, the fact that this collection has been translated into prose in Arabic, the prosodic differences between the two works will not be investigated.
Reza Amani
Volume 4, Issue 10 , July 2014, , Pages 11-32
Abstract
“Analysis of the individual words’’ is a way in Semantics that analysis the words of a text to the semantic components of its constitutive as possible for obtaining accurate and complete concept of words by putting the concepts together. This kind of finding meaning can be veryhelpful ...
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“Analysis of the individual words’’ is a way in Semantics that analysis the words of a text to the semantic components of its constitutive as possible for obtaining accurate and complete concept of words by putting the concepts together. This kind of finding meaning can be veryhelpful in understanding and describing of Semantic differences andsimilarities in words with closed meaning. According to themeaningof allwords and reconstruction efforts in the target language can provide a complete and accurate translation of the source text. Accordingly, in this article we have tried to analyze three words of the Quran in Surah Baqarah to the individual words by descriptive and analytical method and critical approach,to determine their full meaning and to explain the differences between them and the words that are closed semantically. These three words are: “Doubt, Victim and Fear”. The word of “Raib’’ has the meaning of all “doubt, fear, concerns and defamation’’.The word of “Zebh’’ is of Semantic components of “Killing’’, “Decapitate’’ and “sacrifice’’ and The “fear and bow’’ is the meaning of “Kahshyah’’ too.Thisstudysuggests that Elahi Qomshie, Foladvd and Khorramshahi have paid no attention to Semantic components of mentioned words andon the one hand, they have presented the incomplete, different and approximate equivalents for these words and on the other hand, theirequivalents usually does not have difference wiyh otherclosed meaning of words.
Habibollah Halimi Jeloudar; Seyed Mahdi Mousavi
Volume 4, Issue 10 , July 2014, , Pages 59-78
Abstract
The seventh verse of Surah of al-Fatiha is the verses that there is difference between interpreters and translators of the Quran about it. In this paper, the end of this verse is considered from the point of view of both syntax and their role and interpretaion and translation of the words of the Quran ...
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The seventh verse of Surah of al-Fatiha is the verses that there is difference between interpreters and translators of the Quran about it. In this paper, the end of this verse is considered from the point of view of both syntax and their role and interpretaion and translation of the words of the Quran that there is considerable difference between the Quranic scholars. The question of this articleis whetherthe end of this verse (not those upon whom is the anger, nor the astray.) have adjective role for the second of verse (upon whom you have favored) or is different from it?! By studying of interpretations, Related books and Data analysis,This resultwas achieved that Some people believe that the interpretation of the above phrase is adjective of “Who bestowed on them’’ that they were not disfavored of God completely and the are not astray, However,most ofthem have accepted the distinction between the two parts of the verse and they have translated theversein this way: “Guide us the path of those upon whom you have favored, not those upon who is the anger, nor the astray’’.Thisresearchemphasizes on the second translation and interpretation using interpretivetraditions and prefers it.
Sayyed Mohammad Mirhosseini; Hashmatollah t Zarei Kefayat
Volume 3, Issue 8 , September 2013, , Pages 145-174
Abstract
“Translation” means torender awordfrom one language toanother.Accordingtothe translationofthe textandits purpose, it divides into two types:(a) Semantic type, (b)Communicative type. Semantic translationisfaithfulto thetextandtranslates word by word, and it has featuresof a literal translation, ...
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“Translation” means torender awordfrom one language toanother.Accordingtothe translationofthe textandits purpose, it divides into two types:(a) Semantic type, (b)Communicative type. Semantic translationisfaithfulto thetextandtranslates word by word, and it has featuresof a literal translation, in which the text is inclinedtowards thesource language. In contrast, it is a communicative reader-driven translation whose translation unit is sentence including fluency in speech. Nahjolbalagheh is a valuableandcredible religiouswork that is beyondthe words. Thisworkhasnearly 80translations, but the most importanttranslations belong toDashti, Shahidi, Qureshi,andFeiz-al-Islam. It is noteworthythatthese four translators chose one of the translation types, semantic or communicative, but they rely on the context in somewordsandphrases, and theyrelyonlyonthe text insomeothers. In addition, Dashti, Shahidi, and Qureshirely further ontranslationofthewordandgive aliteral translation, but the Feiz-al-Islam, according tohis work,hascentered on theinterpretationof his translation. In addition, thetranslation ofShahidi, insomephrases, is literary, but Dashtihas usedacontemporary languagein the translation. Inthispaper,we try tostudy theimagery translations inthesermons of"Jihad" and "Almlahm" inlibraryby relying onthe translationofNahjolbalagheh by Dashti, Shahidi, Qureshi, and Feiz-al-Islam to present these findings to the writers of Persian literature.
Reza Amani; Leila Zarbakhsh; Omolbanin Farhadi
Volume 3, Issue 6 , March 2013, , Pages 69-89
Abstract
Metonymy is an important and influential expressive device and structure in rhetoric and plays an important role in the aesthetics and sense of the Quranic context. Thus, the translation of it is also very important. In the paper, a methodology of translating types of metonymy is provided and the performances ...
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Metonymy is an important and influential expressive device and structure in rhetoric and plays an important role in the aesthetics and sense of the Quranic context. Thus, the translation of it is also very important. In the paper, a methodology of translating types of metonymy is provided and the performances of translators of the Qur'an are reviewed.
Scholars have identified two methods of translating metonymy - and all other texts. One is ‘semantic’ (translation to metonymy) and the other is ‘communicative’ (translation to reality). However, the authors of the present paper propose an integrated ‘semantic-communicative’ method for translating metonymies in the Qur'an. It seems that the said method, which is a combination of the semantic and communicative method, is the proper and effective method for translating metonymy. However, a review of different translations of the Qur'an shows that translators have used different methods, which has led to a high level of coherence in their translations. Therefore, these translations are based on preference rather than scientific approach.
