Research Paper
Abdulali Aleboyeh Langrudi; Sarieh Sheikhi Ghalat
Abstract
Language is a symbolic system for communication. In order for the messages to be conveyed successfully between the interlocutors, it is sometimes necessary to be accompanied by certain signs so that the recipient of the message receives what was exactly meant by the addresser. This process in Arabic ...
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Language is a symbolic system for communication. In order for the messages to be conveyed successfully between the interlocutors, it is sometimes necessary to be accompanied by certain signs so that the recipient of the message receives what was exactly meant by the addresser. This process in Arabic and Persian is known as “Emphasizing or the Emphasis” which based on the six functions proposed by Jakobson for verbal communication are mainly manifested in conative and referential functions. This study, using an inductive-inferential research design within a linguistic approach, tried to investigate the functions of the emphatic devices as tools, function words and style in the contemporary Arabic language while finding their Persian equivalents. To this end, it focused on two books of “The Days” by Taha Husain and “An Introduction to Arab Poetics” by Adonis. These two are prominent contemporary writers and their prose is considered as standard prose by most literary critics. The findings revealed that the emphatic tools have lost their emphatic role in modern Arabic and are solely used for the sake of textual coherence; therefore, there is no equivalent for them in Persian. The emphatic role of some of these words such as “Ghad” have been fainted and just play a role in determining the type of the verb. Another group of them like “Emphatic N” is rarely used in modern texts. However, emphatic styles have still kept their emphatic role and their equivalents can be easily found in Persian.
Research Paper
Sadegh Sayyahi; Mahmud Abdanan Mahdizadeh; Mahmud Shakib Ansari; Masumeh Taravosh
Abstract
Since the aim of translating religious texts is to explain religious and Islamic concepts for ordinary people and to make them clear for public, translators of religious texts must do their jobs very meticulously and with extreme care in order to respond to the needs of people. In this way, they can ...
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Since the aim of translating religious texts is to explain religious and Islamic concepts for ordinary people and to make them clear for public, translators of religious texts must do their jobs very meticulously and with extreme care in order to respond to the needs of people. In this way, they can offer an equivalent translation of original religious texts. To achieve this objective, translators must do some modifications in their texts. In this way, they can present an understandable text to their readers. Stipulation in the process of translation is one of such modifications. This technique was initially employed by Viney and Darblenet. This type of modification is completely done by translators. This is a strategy that is intentionally employed by translators in order to disambiguate the translated text. Fizol-Islam was a religious scholar who translated a lot of religious texts, including the Quran, the Nahjolbalagheh, and the Sahifato al-Sajadieh. This study was a descriptive-analytical research that was conducted on the basis of a linguistic approach. The aim was to examine “stipulation” as one of the main characteristics of Fizol-Islam’s translations, and to show how it can improve the translation of religious texts. Using this technique, he managed to explain the meaning of unfamiliar and culturally-based words for readers. He used a number of techniques such as “deletion”, “replacement”, and “reference” to offer a coherent translation to the readers. This makes his translations understandable for readers and paves the way for them to obtain a clear understanding of the original texts. Also, this creates a coherent and disambiguated text for interested readers without being challenged by any serious complexity in the translated text. It must be added that his translations of religious texts have special characteristics. He opened new horizons in the field of translating religious texts. This can be called a “Theory of Elaboration”. In fact, his method is somewhere between stipulation and interpretation of religious texts.
Research Paper
Ali Afzali; Attieh Yusefi
Abstract
The translation of Saadi’s books as a one of the greatest literary works of Persian literature is considerable with the modern theories of translation's skills, structurally and contently. Antoine Berman with his theory "Deformative Tendencies" emphasized on the impotency of the others and underscored ...
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The translation of Saadi’s books as a one of the greatest literary works of Persian literature is considerable with the modern theories of translation's skills, structurally and contently. Antoine Berman with his theory "Deformative Tendencies" emphasized on the impotency of the others and underscored the main text. He believed that the translators must respect the first text and be faithful toward it. In this paper, we examine the Arabic translation of Golestan by Jibraiel Al-Mokhalla, by using the seven parameters of Berman's theory: Rationalization, Clarification, Ennoblement, Glorification, the Destruction of underlying Networks of Signification, Quantitative impoverishment, and Qualitative impoverishment. The conclusion shows that the main reasons of deviation in Arabic translation from Golestan of Saadi belongs to: translator's lack of acquaintance to Persian language, the grammatical and lexical differences between Arabic and Persian and naturally it is resulting from the unconformity of culture, civilization, and tradition of these two nations.
Research Paper
Elham Sayyedan
Abstract
The present study is a criticism about the Persian translations of Al-Ajniha al-Mutakassira written by Gibran Khalil Gibran. The work has been translated for several times. Since some inconsistencies were observed in the translations of the work and the source text, six translations (Ansari, Habib, Reihani ...
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The present study is a criticism about the Persian translations of Al-Ajniha al-Mutakassira written by Gibran Khalil Gibran. The work has been translated for several times. Since some inconsistencies were observed in the translations of the work and the source text, six translations (Ansari, Habib, Reihani and Hani, Shojaei, Tabatabai and Nikbakht) were reviewed and contrasted with the source text. This descriptive analytical study with the aim of achieving a translation closer to the original text attempts to review and comparative criticize the Persian translations of Al-Ajniha al-Mutakassira with the source text. The samples in this article are reviewed in four levels: lexicon, semantics, context, and literary influence. The findings show that the most inconsistencies at the level of lexicon, semantics, context and text Literature are observed in the translation of Shojaei. Redundant and unnecessary details are found in the translations of Reihani and Honi more than the rest of the translators. Apart from some mistakes in the choice of lexicon, translation of Ansari has considerable advantages that distinguish it from other versions of this work. This translation is nearest to the source text from the perspective of transferring meaning, attention to the context, and text literature.
Research Paper
1- Mohammad Hasan Amraei; Yahya Maroof; Jahangir Amiri; Majid Mohammadi
Abstract
The authenticity of translation, compliance with trusteeship, protection of the meaning and fluency are the fixed issues in the principles of the Gholam-Ali Haddad-Adel’s translation. Certainly his fluent and literary Persian translation has been able to be realized as the major ...
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The authenticity of translation, compliance with trusteeship, protection of the meaning and fluency are the fixed issues in the principles of the Gholam-Ali Haddad-Adel’s translation. Certainly his fluent and literary Persian translation has been able to be realized as the major part of the requirements and expectations, but the problem of this research is related to amount and manner of this balance and adaption of meaning with the Quranic words. The translator ignored some morphosyntactic and rhetorical structures in the translation, also in some cases, translation of words (noun, verb and letter), combinations and terms are not opposed to each other. Thus, the necessary consequential meaning or the meaning of words, compounds and expressions are considered in the translation not their original and accurate meaning. This case study of the "Surah Al-Naml "attempts to review his translation from different aspects of lexical, morphological, syntactic, rhetorical. It also recognizes those cases in this Surah which are in need of more accurate translation. Achievement of this study shows that the translator's translation while having many advantages such as innovation in manner of semantic and faithful translation, commitment to the message and content of the language of the Qur'an, eloquence of expression and using of the fluent Persian words, avoidance of overwriting and extreme tendency to the Persian and etc., in the areas of grammar, rhetoric, translation of words and etc. needs a more precise revision that some of them have been analyzed and described in this case study.
Research Paper
Alireza Fakhari; Zahra Besharati
Abstract
In Letter 47 of Nahjolbalaghe, Imam Ali (PBUH) introduces three important issues including the fear of God, order in affairs and peace among people. The term “order in affairs” has become synonymous in recent centuries with individual order – that is, the placement of every ...
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In Letter 47 of Nahjolbalaghe, Imam Ali (PBUH) introduces three important issues including the fear of God, order in affairs and peace among people. The term “order in affairs” has become synonymous in recent centuries with individual order – that is, the placement of every object in its position. But based on the evidence available in the context of the letter including sensitive situations in the period, addressees of the letter, literal and applied meanings of order at the time and other expressions used by Imam (PBUH), it seems that another meaning was originally meant by “order in affairs”. In a lexical study, it can be figured out that the word order had some social sense of “consistency” in earlier periods while some recent dictionaries consider an individual meaning for it in addition to the social meaning. The synthesis of different views by interpreters and some translators of Nahj al-Balagha concerning the term “order in affairs” points to the social sense of “unity and consistency”. Applications of the words “order” and “affairs” in Nahj al-Balagha and other texts highlight the sense of “consistency” for the word order as its original meaning and the senses of “work”, “diversity” and “management” for the word affairs. The views of some contemporaries about the term “order in affairs” suggest that the meaning of unity for order is the common ground. However, some have pointed to the sense of keeping up the government/ regime as the accurate meaning of affairs. Finally, it can be concluded that the term “order in affairs” in this quote from Imam Ali (PBUH) suggests his emphasis on the concept of unity.
Research Paper
Issa Mottaghizadeh; Mohammad Reza Ahmadi
Abstract
The Holy Quran has a sturdy syntactical, morphological and rhetorical structure. The interpretation process of this heavenly book requires great attention to the syntax and grammar of Arabic language. The letter “Fa” is one of those meaningful letters in Arabic language that has high diversity, ...
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The Holy Quran has a sturdy syntactical, morphological and rhetorical structure. The interpretation process of this heavenly book requires great attention to the syntax and grammar of Arabic language. The letter “Fa” is one of those meaningful letters in Arabic language that has high diversity, and this fact makes it complex for the translators to interpret it into Persian. The Persian translators have proposed “then”, “after that” and “next” as its equivalents, which considering the diversity of this letter seems to be insufficient. The aim of the present study is to conduct a grammatical analysis of how some translators such as Elahi Ghomshei, Fouladvand, and Khorramshahi have translated this letter in Quran into Persian. One of the results that we have reached upon is that these translators have had a satisfactory performance in translating Communicative Fa but have failed to translate Communicative Fa, Appealing Fa, Causal Fa and Excess Fa. As a result, their equivalents for Appeal Fa and Excess Faare incorrect, since this type of Fa shouldn’t be translated at all. Also, in translating Causal Fa, they have not paid due attention to the cause and effect and have not conveyed the causality relation. Furthermore, in translating Communicative Fa, they have only considered the emotional aspect, and have not considered that part of the sentence that has been omitted, and this fact has caused them to go awry in translation.
Research Paper
Ali Hajikhaani; Norooz Amini
Abstract
One of the crucial issues to help translators understand the Quran is to take the context into consideration in the process of translation. And there is no doubt that, context is of great importance in understanding the speaker's meaning. Accordingly, paying attention to the context in translating the ...
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One of the crucial issues to help translators understand the Quran is to take the context into consideration in the process of translation. And there is no doubt that, context is of great importance in understanding the speaker's meaning. Accordingly, paying attention to the context in translating the Holy Quran is also necessary since any translation requires the true understanding of the holy verses. Meanwhile, it is very important to specify that which types of translations take the context into consideration. This study reviewed the main types of existing translations of the Quran including literal, faithful, semantic and explanatory translations and reached to this conclusion that among the translations mentioned, explanatory translation is more consistent with the context.
