Adnan Tahmasbi; Sedigheh Jafari
Volume 4, Issue 10 , July 2014, , Pages 97-118
Abstract
In fact,Often translation process is summarized in the finding of equivalent and from beginning to end oftranslation process, always translator is engaged to findproperequivalents from the target language for words, concepts and sentences in the originor source text. According to importance of this subject,this ...
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In fact,Often translation process is summarized in the finding of equivalent and from beginning to end oftranslation process, always translator is engaged to findproperequivalents from the target language for words, concepts and sentences in the originor source text. According to importance of this subject,this study concentrates on the finding of semantic equivalents of the novel al-Sukariya from Naguib Mahfouz and it is trying to maintain of equality in the origin and destination language in translation processand presents a dynamic and familiar text for Persian-speaking of readers with providing a communicative and semantic translation. In this regard, we have attempted to use the most expressive andthe most correct of Semantic equivalenceSo that the target language reader will interact with the novels like a source language text reader and it is attempted to transfer the message of origin text in both lexical level and semantic level. This article is based on descriptive and analytic method this article is studying translation process and it is going to find lexical, idiomatic and literary equivalent and it also studies the equivalent finding of vocabulary Subscriptions with regard in principles of equivalent finding like semantic units, variety and ellipsis.
Kobra Roshanfekr; Hadi Nazari Monazam; Ahmad Heydari
Volume 3, Issue 8 , September 2013, , Pages 13-34
Abstract
Translation is one of the most important contemporary cultural issues. Thetranslator's jobis not only to replacewords, butasamediator, to createsome sort of coordination betweenthe national cultureandthe source culture thathasits owncustoms. This makes difficult the work of translator and makes his mission ...
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Translation is one of the most important contemporary cultural issues. Thetranslator's jobis not only to replacewords, butasamediator, to createsome sort of coordination betweenthe national cultureandthe source culture thathasits owncustoms. This makes difficult the work of translator and makes his mission even more complex. Newmark, the American scholar and theorist in the field of translation proposed a method for translating cultural elements thathave been accepted in scientific circles. This study used a descriptive-analytical method, and based on Newmark's theoretical framework, it attempted to criticize and reviewthe translation of cultural concepts inthe novel "El-lis'swal-kilab" by Naguib Mahfouz, which has been translated by two Iranian translators. Despitethe efforts made by the two translators, there can be seen complexities and short comings in the translation of cultural elements.The results show that in the translation, the integrative approach is less used as a method for the successful translation of cultural elements.
Majid SalehBek; Fatemeh Kazemi
Volume 3, Issue 8 , September 2013, , Pages 55-80
Abstract
Translation is the re-expression of thoughts and motivation of the author or the speaker from the source language into the target language. In translation, the skill of understanding thoughts and motivations is regarded as important as adherence to style. Translation should be in such a way to affect ...
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Translation is the re-expression of thoughts and motivation of the author or the speaker from the source language into the target language. In translation, the skill of understanding thoughts and motivations is regarded as important as adherence to style. Translation should be in such a way to affect the listener or reader. Here, as one of the most important elements in understanding text, context plays an important role in understanding the text. According to the theory of language context, meaning is examined based on the relation of proximity and substitution. The proximity relation is defined as the relation between words and the relation of a language element with other elements of the language. The substitution relation is defined as the relation of one word with other words that can be used instead of it, or can replace it. The present article examines the translation of political texts within the theoretical framework of linguistic context based on "Al-Taraf Al-Esraieli, Jazorahva Hesada". It also discusses linguistic context as well as proximity and substitution relations that affect the process of translation.
Ahmad Pasha; Ali Khaleghi
Volume 3, Issue 8 , September 2013, , Pages 81-120
Abstract
The present article aims to study and analyze Abdul Vahab Azzam’s translations in terms of style and structure along with his contributions in the field of Persian and Arabic language and literature. To be comprehensive in this research, a selection of his works has been investigated. To elaborate ...
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The present article aims to study and analyze Abdul Vahab Azzam’s translations in terms of style and structure along with his contributions in the field of Persian and Arabic language and literature. To be comprehensive in this research, a selection of his works has been investigated. To elaborate more on this subject, the viewpoints and translation style of Azzam, his translations of odes by such great Persian poets as Hafez, Molavi, EghbalLahori, Nezami, Atar Neyshaboori as well as his publications in Eastern languages are studied. In this research, a descriptive-analytical approach is used such that, first, it explores Azzam’s rare translated works in Arabic. Then, their structure and method is considered in relation to his translated critical papers and publications. Finally, the paper studies his translation of critical works in Persian and Arabic. The paper endeavors to indicate that Abdul Vahab Azzam, as one of the pioneers in the field of translation in Egypt, has taken remarkable measures in promoting and spreading the literature, culture, and civilization of Persians in Arabic through translation. By acquiring the principles of translation and employing his poetic talent, according to many theorists of the Arab world, he has appeared successful in translating Persian works into Arabic. Azzam’s poetic translations in transferring feelings and affections along with words and meanings have given value and importance to Azzam.
Faramarz Mirzaei; Sariyeh Sheikhighalat
Volume 3, Issue 7 , June 2013, , Pages 41-58
Abstract
Although translation reduces lexical beauties and expressive settings, it is a science with its principles and rules whose application may help translators to convey the beauty of text. Intertextuality is an artistic tool at the creator’s hands that makes the text formally beautiful and meaningfully ...
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Although translation reduces lexical beauties and expressive settings, it is a science with its principles and rules whose application may help translators to convey the beauty of text. Intertextuality is an artistic tool at the creator’s hands that makes the text formally beautiful and meaningfully rich. But, how is it possible in translation to transfer the meaning while keeping such artistic device? Because in translation, lexical signs, being the most conspicuous realization of intertextuality and semantic reception, are almost lost. The problem is intensified once intertextuality regards the most remarkable texts such as the Qur’an or other holy books.
Appling an analytical-descriptive method and considering Leppihalme’s model and theory of intertextuality, this study tries to examine two kinds of intertextuality, being intertextuality of proper names and lexical intertextuality in Ahmad Mattar's poems. It is concluded that in the intertextuality of proper names, the strategy to keep proper names with the least change, and explicit explanation in the lexical intertextuality convey the meaning of intertextuality better than other strategies.
Farshid Torkashvand
Volume 3, Issue 7 , June 2013, , Pages 59-78
Abstract
Translation, as a complex process, requires a comprehensive knowledge of both source and target languages. Understanding language through formalist linguistics and semantics in traditional or modern approach is a necessary but not sufficient condition. In this regard, functional linguistics, besides ...
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Translation, as a complex process, requires a comprehensive knowledge of both source and target languages. Understanding language through formalist linguistics and semantics in traditional or modern approach is a necessary but not sufficient condition. In this regard, functional linguistics, besides formalist linguistics, may be helpful. Functional approach defines language as a discourse, not a text. Knowledge of non-linguistic context especially the situational kind from a pragmatic angle provides a further and deeper understanding of language for the translator. With the knowledge of situational context of the source language, the translator can turn such a context into an appropriate style and vocabulary in the target language; and finally, the translator, as the creator of a new text and sender of message, would reach a translational equivalence. In the present paper the researcher has tried to investigate Arabic into Persian translation utilizing a pragmatic approach. To this end, the given example sentences are more of pedagogical value and the problem was addressed practically. Finally it was concluded that the traditional approach (formalist) compels the translator to adopt a minimalist approach and be confined in the text. It in turn stops him/her to understand and transfer the source message fully while in discourse approach, extra-textual aspects of the message are also transferable.
Abbas Eghbali; Zeynab Rahimi
Volume 3, Issue 7 , June 2013, , Pages 105-130
Abstract
The Holy Qur’an is a multilayered fantastic text and the translation of its verses requires great care and attention. This is why many translations of the Holy Qur’an have been criticized on different grounds. Due to the high frequency of the instances of figurative language in the Holy Qur’an, ...
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The Holy Qur’an is a multilayered fantastic text and the translation of its verses requires great care and attention. This is why many translations of the Holy Qur’an have been criticized on different grounds. Due to the high frequency of the instances of figurative language in the Holy Qur’an, these types of phrases need special consideration in related research. The purpose of the present study is to explore some of the translations offered for the figurative language of the Holy Qur’an within the scope limits of an article. Four translations of the same text have been selected, including those by Ayati, Elahi, Fooladvand, and Khorramshahi. They are famous translators of the Holy Qur’an and, at the same time, differ in their methods of translation. Works on Quranic interpretation like al-Mīzan, Jawame’ al-Jame’, and Mafātīh al-Ghaib and others have been used to look at the language of the first ten chapters of the Holy Qur’an. The results of this study indicate that the four translators offer very different translations of the same figurative language. They seem not to have followed any particular translation style. Sometimes, they have used figurative language of the target forms and sometimes they have tried to offer explanations instead. In some other cases, some of the nuances of the meanings of the figurative language have been ignored and the translations have become literal, not expressing the meaning intended by the verses.
Hossein Shamsabadi Shamsabadi; Fereshteh Afzali
Volume 3, Issue 6 , March 2013, , Pages 29-48
Abstract
Different languages have different systems and any language has its own specific lexical elements, grammatical structures, expressions, and idioms. This implies that not all elements can be literally reproduced in another language. Therefore, for our translation to be natural and understandable in the ...
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Different languages have different systems and any language has its own specific lexical elements, grammatical structures, expressions, and idioms. This implies that not all elements can be literally reproduced in another language. Therefore, for our translation to be natural and understandable in the target language, we should make changes and transformations to the source text. One of the most important principles to be observed in such translations is finding exact and proper lexical, structural, and contextual equivalents in the process of transferring message from the source to the target language. To understand shifts present in the process of finding equivalents in the target language, the concept of equivalence is studied in the translation of a story on the three levels of similarity, shift, and transfer. Inspired by these shifts and techniques, the study aims to explore the methods of finding equivalents in the translation of Arabic stories into Persian on three levels, including: lexicon (colloquial, slang, loan, and communicative words), structure (literary writings, rhyming, and communicative and expressive translation), and context (paralinguistic elements, presuppositions, and semantic elements). A number of the stories by Naguib Mahfouz, including The Honeymoon, Midaq Alley, Under the Umbrella, The Thief and the Dogs, and The Beggar, are analyzed as the sample translations of the study.
Reza Amani; Leila Zarbakhsh; Omolbanin Farhadi
Volume 3, Issue 6 , March 2013, , Pages 69-89
Abstract
Metonymy is an important and influential expressive device and structure in rhetoric and plays an important role in the aesthetics and sense of the Quranic context. Thus, the translation of it is also very important. In the paper, a methodology of translating types of metonymy is provided and the performances ...
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Metonymy is an important and influential expressive device and structure in rhetoric and plays an important role in the aesthetics and sense of the Quranic context. Thus, the translation of it is also very important. In the paper, a methodology of translating types of metonymy is provided and the performances of translators of the Qur'an are reviewed.
Scholars have identified two methods of translating metonymy - and all other texts. One is ‘semantic’ (translation to metonymy) and the other is ‘communicative’ (translation to reality). However, the authors of the present paper propose an integrated ‘semantic-communicative’ method for translating metonymies in the Qur'an. It seems that the said method, which is a combination of the semantic and communicative method, is the proper and effective method for translating metonymy. However, a review of different translations of the Qur'an shows that translators have used different methods, which has led to a high level of coherence in their translations. Therefore, these translations are based on preference rather than scientific approach.
Sayyed Mohammad Reza Ibnorrasool; Mohammad Rahimi Khoygani
Volume 3, Issue 6 , March 2013, , Pages 91-112
Abstract
One of the important issues in Persian grammar that has an important role in the process of translation between Arabic and Persian is the diversity and variety of ‘Ya’ in Persian language. Perhaps, in no other language in the world there exists such a letter with so many functions. These ...
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One of the important issues in Persian grammar that has an important role in the process of translation between Arabic and Persian is the diversity and variety of ‘Ya’ in Persian language. Perhaps, in no other language in the world there exists such a letter with so many functions. These functions rarely overlap and are completely different.
The study intends to highlight the difficulties of translating ‘Ya’ in actual translations, mentioning its types and determining its equivalent in Arabic, something that has been neglected to date.
The main findings of this study, which has used an analytic-descriptive method, show that the difficulties of translating ‘Ya’ in Persian are due to confusing and not distinguishing between its multiple types.
Abdolqader Pariz; Hossein Taqipour
Volume 3, Issue 6 , March 2013, , Pages 141-166
Abstract
The translation of the Qur'an by Ataollah Farhang Ghahremani is a free text-bound translation published in India by Amana Publications in 2007. It also has recently been distributed in Iran. According to the translator, the new translation has been based on the translations of Ayati, Payandeh, and Qomshei. ...
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The translation of the Qur'an by Ataollah Farhang Ghahremani is a free text-bound translation published in India by Amana Publications in 2007. It also has recently been distributed in Iran. According to the translator, the new translation has been based on the translations of Ayati, Payandeh, and Qomshei. The bias in this translation is in favor of the Sunnis, especially in the verses related to Ahl al-Bayt. The translator has done his best to render the meanings of the verses into fluent Persian, making the translation somewhat consistent with the modern language. However, there are shortcomings in the translation, including inappropriate word-selection, improper use of parentheses, unnecessary omissions and additions, spelling, punctuation, and layout errors, grammatical mistakes, textual inconsistency, and mistranslations in some verses.
